1/15/2024 0 Comments No deep sleep causes![]() The name “chronic fatigue syndrome” was first suggested in 1988, and most commonly used by the medical and scientific community to describe the illness. 7 With increasing sophistication of psychiatric diagnoses over time, diagnosis of neurasthenia has declined, however, the symptoms described in these early patients closely match those we now recognize in CFS/ME today. 6 The diagnosis “neurasthenia” was popularized by American neurologist George Beard to describe this collection of symptoms. A collection of symptoms similar to that of CFS/ME, including fatigue, depression, headache, impotence and neuralgia, were first reported in the 19th century. The current review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these studies, describe where the field currently stands on this issue, and outline potential directions for future research.Ģ.0. HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIAĬlusters of symptoms including chronic fatigue, cognitive and mood impairments, sleep difficulties and pain have been observed in clinical practice for centuries. 2, 4, 5 Since the late 1980s, research in the area of CFS/ME has begun to focus on examining and determining the cause of non-restorative sleep and sleep disturbance in CFS/ME, and how these symptoms may relate or contribute to patients' daytime fatigue. Of direct relevance to the current review, patients often report daytime sleepiness, feeling unrefreshed upon waking despite sufficient or extended total sleep time, extended sleep including daytime napping, and other sleep-related symptoms, such as difficulty falling asleep and disturbed sleep. Other key features of the disorder include post-exertion malaise of either physical or mental exertion, memory and concentration difficulties, muscle pain, headaches, tender lymph nodes, sore throat, and non-restorative sleep. 1 – 3 It is primarily characterized by persistent relapsing fatigue of at least 6 months in duration that reduces activity levels. There is preliminary evidence that alterations in sleep stage transitions and sleep instability, and other physiological mechanisms, such as heart rate variability and altered cortisol profiles, may be evident.įuture research investigating the etiology of non-restorative sleep in CFS/ME may also help us to undercover the causes of non-restorative sleep and fatigue in other medical conditions.Ĭhronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a medically unexplained disabling illness, with prevalence estimates of between 0.007% and 2.8% of the general adult population. ![]() The emergence of new, more sensitive techniques that examine the microstructure of sleep are showing promise for detecting differences in sleep between patients and healthy individuals. This lack of significant objective differences contrasts with the common subjective complaints of disturbed and unrefreshed sleep by CFS/ME patients. Polysomnographic and other objective measures of sleep have observed few differences in sleep parameters between CFS/ME patients and healthy controls, although some discrepancies do exist. ![]() ![]() This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature examining sleep in CFS/ME and the issues surrounding the current research findings. Non-restorative sleep despite sufficient or extended total sleep time is one of the major clinical diagnostic criteria however, the underlying cause of this symptom is unknown. Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a chronic, disabling illness that affects approximately 0.2% of the population.
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